在C# (范例)中,读取Excel文件
Jiaoyang75
・5 分钟阅读
.NET 4 允许,读取和操作Microsoft Excel文件,对于安装Excel了(如果未安装Excel,请参见NPOI )的计算机。
首先添加对Microsoft Excel XX.X对象库的引用,在引用管理器的com 选项卡中,我已经给出了Excel的使用别名 。
using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel; //Microsoft Excel 14 object in references-> COM tab
接下来,你需要为访问的每个com对象创建引用,每次引用都必须在完成时有效地退出应用程序。
//Create COM Objects. Create a COM object for everything that is referenced
Excel.Application xlApp = new Excel.Application();
Excel.Workbook xlWorkbook = xlApp.Workbooks.Open(@"sandbox_test.xlsx");
Excel._Worksheet xlWorksheet = xlWorkbook.Sheets[1];
Excel.Range xlRange = xlWorksheet.UsedRange;
然后,你可以从表中读取,记住Excel中的索引不是0,这只是读取单元格,并且打印出来,就像它们在文件中一样。
//iterate over the rows and columns and print to the console as it appears in the file
//excel is not zero based!!
for (int i = 1; i <= rowCount; i++)
{
for (int j = 1; j <= colCount; j++)
{
//new line
if (j == 1)
Console.Write("rn");
//write the value to the console
if (xlRange.Cells[i, j] != null && xlRange.Cells[i, j].Value2 != null)
Console.Write(xlRange.Cells[i, j].Value2.ToString() +"t");
//add useful things here!
}
}
最后,必须释放对非托管内存的引用,如果没有正确完成,那么将有一些延迟进程将文件访问写入Excel工作簿。
//cleanup
GC.Collect();
GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();
//rule of thumb for releasing com objects:
// never use two dots, all COM objects must be referenced and released individually
// ex: [somthing].[something].[something] is bad
//release com objects to fully kill excel process from running in the background
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xlRange);
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xlWorksheet);
//close and release
xlWorkbook.Close();
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xlWorkbook);
//quit and release
xlApp.Quit();
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xlApp);
进一步阅读:
完整代码:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel; //microsoft Excel 14 object in references-> COM tab
namespace Sandbox
{
public class Read_From_Excel
{
public static void getExcelFile()
{
//Create COM Objects. Create a COM object for everything that is referenced
Excel.Application xlApp = new Excel.Application();
Excel.Workbook xlWorkbook = xlApp.Workbooks.Open(@"C:UsersE56626DesktopTeddyVS2012Sandboxsandbox_test - Copy - Copy.xlsx");
Excel._Worksheet xlWorksheet = xlWorkbook.Sheets[1];
Excel.Range xlRange = xlWorksheet.UsedRange;
int rowCount = xlRange.Rows.Count;
int colCount = xlRange.Columns.Count;
//iterate over the rows and columns and print to the console as it appears in the file
//excel is not zero based!!
for (int i = 1; i <= rowCount; i++)
{
for (int j = 1; j <= colCount; j++)
{
//new line
if (j == 1)
Console.Write("rn");
//write the value to the console
if (xlRange.Cells[i, j] != null && xlRange.Cells[i, j].Value2 != null)
Console.Write(xlRange.Cells[i, j].Value2.ToString() +"t");
}
}
//cleanup
GC.Collect();
GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();
//rule of thumb for releasing com objects:
// never use two dots, all COM objects must be referenced and released individually
// ex: [somthing].[something].[something] is bad
//release com objects to fully kill excel process from running in the background
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xlRange);
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xlWorksheet);
//close and release
xlWorkbook.Close();
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xlWorkbook);
//quit and release
xlApp.Quit();
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xlApp);
}
}
}